With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the problem of air pollution has become increasingly serious, which has become one of the major challenges affecting human health and social sustainable development. Faced with this global problem, it has become the focus of the international community to take effective air purification measures and promote environmental quality improvement. This paper will discuss several effective methods aimed at purifying the air and protecting the environment and the scientific principles behind them.

1. Increase the green vegetation coverage area.

Afforestation is one of the most intuitive and natural ways to improve air quality. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis, and at the same time, they can absorb suspended particles in the air, such as harmful substances such as PM2.5, and play a natural "filter" role. In addition, greening can also adjust the microclimate and reduce the heat island effect, which is of great significance for improving the quality of life of residents.

2. Develop clean energy

Burning coal is one of the main causes of air pollution. Therefore, accelerating the transformation of energy structure, vigorously developing renewable energy such as wind energy and solar energy, and reducing the consumption of fossil fuels are the key measures to control pollutant emissions from the source. The government should introduce relevant policies to encourage enterprises and individuals to use clean technology, and provide corresponding financial subsidies and technical support.

3. Promote electric vehicles

Exhaust emissions from transportation are also an important source of air pollution. Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, electric vehicles hardly produce direct emissions when running, which is helpful to reduce the air pollution level in urban areas. In order to promote the development and popularization of new energy vehicles, in addition to improving the construction of charging infrastructure, it is also necessary to formulate preferential policies to attract consumers to buy.

4. Strengthen the treatment of industrial waste gas

In view of the strict emission standards for heavily polluted industries, the main pollutants such as smoke and dust, sulfur dioxide and so on can be effectively removed by combining advanced terminal treatment technology with process transformation. For example, wet desulfurization technology can efficiently remove SO2； from the gas after coal combustion; The catalytic reduction law is suitable for NOx emission reduction.

In a word, solving the air pollution problem requires the joint efforts of all sectors of society, not only paying attention to the application of short-term emergency measures, but also focusing on the planning and implementation of long-term development strategies. Only in this way can we gradually realize the beautiful vision of sky blue and clear water and leave a more livable home for future generations.