With the development of China's economy and urbanization, the population is increasingly dense and industrial production is increasingly prosperous, and the demand for water resources is also increasing. However, in this process, the problem of sewage discharge becomes more and more serious, which not only destroys the ecological environment, but also affects the quality of human life. As one of the key measures to solve this problem, sewage treatment faces environmental obstacles that cannot be ignored.

1. The shortage of water resources makes it more difficult to deal with it.

Because China is a country with low per capita water resources, uneven distribution of seasonal precipitation and less space in the south, some areas are in a state of water shortage all the year round. In this context, if the limited and precious water resources are used to dilute or wash away pollutants, it will undoubtedly aggravate the local water crisis. Therefore, how to effectively use the existing water to complete efficient purification has become a thorny issue.

2. The damage of ecosystem affects the natural degradation ability.

After a large amount of untreated wastewater is directly discharged into surface water sources such as rivers and lakes, it will lead to eutrophication and other phenomena, resulting in the decline or even loss of self-purification function of water bodies. When the ecosystem is destroyed, part of the purification process that could have been realized by nature itself cannot be carried out smoothly, which brings greater pressure to the subsequent manual intervention.

3. Technical bottlenecks limit the processing efficiency.

Although there are many mature sewage treatment technologies on the market at present, they all have their own scope of application, and not all occasions can give full play to the best effect. For example, some specific types of organic matter are difficult to be removed by conventional means; For heavy metal ions, more professional chemical precipitation or membrane separation technology is needed to achieve the ideal effect. In addition, the high cost of technological research and development is also one of the important factors that hinder technological innovation.

4. Insufficient enforcement of laws and regulations.

Although the government has issued a series of laws and regulations on environmental protection, there are some problems in actual operation, such as lack of supervision and light punishment, which makes illegal sewage discharge repeated. In addition, some enterprises are unwilling to invest enough money to improve their environmental protection facilities in pursuit of short-term interests, which further aggravates the pollution level of the whole industry.

In view of the above challenges, we need to start from the following aspects:

-Strengthen investment in scientific research and develop more advanced sewage treatment technologies suitable for different scenarios;

-Improve the relevant legal system, increase the illegal cost, and ensure the effective implementation of various provisions;

-Raise public awareness, advocate water conservation and green lifestyle, and reduce the pollution load at the source.

Only in this way can we really overcome these environmental obstacles and leave a clean and beautiful home for future generations.