With the rapid development of society, industrialization and urbanization, the problem of water pollution has become increasingly serious, which has become one of the major obstacles restricting sustainable development. In order to effectively meet this challenge, it is particularly important to formulate scientific and reasonable sewage treatment standards and measures. The purpose of this paper is to explore the basic environmental protection principles that should be followed in the process of sewage treatment, in order to provide theoretical guidance and technical support for related fields.

First, the principle of minimizing production

First of all, how to reduce the amount of sewage from the source should be considered when designing any production process. This requires enterprises to adopt cleaner production technology, optimize production technology, improve resource utilization and reduce pollutant emission level. For example, reduce the use of harmful substances by improving the formula or adjusting the operating conditions; Or reuse industrial water by circulating water system to achieve the purpose of water saving and emission reduction.

Second, the classification principle

For the sewage that has been produced, it is necessary to adopt different treatment methods according to its composition characteristics. Generally speaking, sewage can be divided into domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and other categories, and corresponding pretreatment facilities can be set up for different types of sewage. For example, electroplating waste liquid containing heavy metal ions needs to be removed by chemical precipitation before being discharged; Domestic sewage rich in organic matter is suitable for purification by biodegradation.

Third, the principle of comprehensive recycling

In addition to ensuring the effect of sewage treatment, we should also actively seek ways to maximize the reuse of treated water resources and substances contained in them. On the one hand, reclaimed water meeting specific water quality requirements can be obtained through reverse osmosis membrane filtration and other means for reuse in industrial cooling, green irrigation and other fields; On the other hand, some special solid wastes, such as sludge, can also be developed and utilized as fertilizer or fuel.

Fourth, strict monitoring and management principles

In order to ensure the effective implementation of the above principles, it is necessary to establish a sound monitoring system and strengthen daily supervision. Specifically, it includes not only the regular inspection of whether the effluent quality meets the standard, but also the inspection and evaluation of the implementation of internal operating procedures of enterprises. Only when all links can be open and transparent, and the responsibilities are clear, can the standardized operation of sewage treatment be truly realized.

In a word, sewage treatment is a complex and long-term task, which is not only related to the overall situation of ecological environment protection, but also directly related to people's health and sustained and healthy social and economic development. Therefore, in the process of advancing this cause, we should not only pay attention to technological innovation and model innovation, but also adhere to the bottom line thinking and act in strict accordance with the above four basic principles to jointly protect our clear water and blue sky.