1. The importance of sewage treatment

Sewage contains a large number of pollutants such as organic matter and heavy metals. If it is directly discharged into the natural environment without treatment, it will not only seriously destroy the balance of the ecosystem, but also pose a threat to human health. Therefore, the establishment and improvement of sewage treatment system is a necessary measure to protect the environment, ensure people's quality of life and promote sustainable economic and social development.

2. Basic principles of sewage treatment under environmental protection structure

Resource utilization: recycle and reuse the materials and energy produced in the treatment process as much as possible.

Reduction: reduce the amount of pollutants produced by optimizing the design and reduce the burden of subsequent treatment.

Harmless: ensure that all discharged wastewater meets the national discharge standards and does not cause long-term or irreversible impact on the environment.

Eco-friendly: adopt biotechnology with strong natural purification ability to control, reduce the use of chemicals and reduce the risk of secondary pollution.

3. Build a plan

(1) pretreatment stage

It mainly removes large-particle impurities and suspended solids, and can complete the preliminary cleaning work through grids and grit chambers.

(2) biological treatment stage

This is the core part of the whole process, which uses the metabolism of microorganisms to decompose organic pollutants in water. Common methods include activated sludge process and biofilm reactor. In recent years, constructed wetland, as a new biological treatment technology, has attracted wide attention because of its low energy consumption and high efficiency.

(3) Physical and chemical treatment stage

For some toxic and harmful substances that are difficult to biodegrade, physical and chemical means such as coagulation and sedimentation, adsorption and filtration should be used to further purify the water quality.

(4) Post-treatment and reuse

The water treated by the above steps needs to be disinfected to ensure safety; At the same time, according to different uses (such as agricultural irrigation, industrial water, etc.), the corresponding advanced treatment process is adopted to improve the water quality standard, and finally the effective recycling of water resources is realized.

4. Conclusion

To sum up, it is a complex but valuable work to construct a reasonable and efficient sewage treatment framework under the guidance of environmental protection structure. It can not only significantly improve water quality, but also promote the development of green economy. In the future, we should continue to strengthen scientific and technological innovation, explore more sewage treatment technologies and models suitable for local conditions, and jointly protect the precious water resources of Mother Earth.